Textile Industry
Textiles is one of the oldest and most traditional industrial sectors. It is the collective name for those specializations that produce yarns and/or sheet-like products — in short, fabrics or materials — from fibrous materials by various processes.
Thus the textile industry includes:
- the production of yarn and thread,
- fabrics,
- knitted fabrics and knitted articles,
- the manufacture of products obtained by other textile processes (e.g. lace-making, f-stitching, felt-making, needle-work, non-wovens, sewing),
- the dyeing and finishing of such products, and
- the manufacture of made-up textile products (e.g. bags, ropes, cords, knotted nets, etc.) for non-apparel purposes.
The statistical classification of the textile industry does not include the manufacture of garments from textile materials — this is a different statistical category. The further processing of textile products for clothing is dealt with by the clothing industry.
The name ‘textile’ is derived from the Latin word textus, one of the meanings of which (according to the Finály dictionary) is ‘fabric, thread’.
History of
The history of the production of textile products dates back to prehistoric times, but we do not have precise data on this. The literature mentions a textile product, a fiber-like garment, dating from around 25 000 BC as the oldest such find in Europe. We also know of textile fragments dating from between 11 000 and 8000 BC. In 1988, an excavation in the upper reaches of the Tigris River unearthed a hornbeam tool handle with flax fibers attached, dated to 9000 years ago. They concluded that these fibers could have come from a very airy piece of fabric woven as gauze.
Raw materials
It is likely that the first textile products were made from plant fibers.
From antiquity, the ancient peoples of the ancient world used cottonseed fiber (cotton) and jute fibers in India, kenaf in Africa, ramie in China, manila hemp in the Philippines, agave in Mexico, and flax fiber in Europe and the Mediterranean.
Some Asian peoples began processing wool into yarn or felt as early as the Neolithic period (5000–2000 BC). The earliest surviving remains of wool fabrics date from Asia Minor in the 7th century BC. We know for sure that silk originated in China and reached the Romans via Asia, along the famous Silk Road.
Source from: Wiki
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